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Cytochrome P450 enzymes affect the metabolism of nearly half of
the drugs used today. Genetic variations (polymorphisms) in the
CYP450 enzymes result in abnormal drug metabolism which can lead
to adverse drug reactions or suboptimal therapeutic response.
The AmpliChip™ is the first FDA-cleared microarray assay
to identify an individual’s genetic variation in two critical
drug metabolism genes, CYP2D6 and CYP2C19. These cytochrome
P450 genes play a major role in the metabolism of many widely
prescribed drugs, including anti-depressants, anti-psychotics,
anti-epileptics, proton pump inhibitors, and beta-blockers.
Identification of patient CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes can help
predict expected enzyme activity allowing clinicians to individualize
drug treatment for each patient. Individualized therapy may assist
patients by reducing adverse drug reactions and optimizing therapeutic
response
- Identifies poor metabolizers prior to therapy to help avoid
adverse drug reactions
- Identifies ultra-rapid and intermediate metabolizers for
pre-therapeutic drug adjustment to maximize drug efficacy
- Approximately 10% of Caucasians are poor metabolizers, 35%
intermediate, 48% extensive (normal) and 7% ultra-rapid
- Detects 29 polymorphisms in the 2D6 and 2 polymorphisms in
the 2C19 gene, as well as gene duplications and deletions
For more information, you may refer to the documents on the right
or contact Client Services at 800-421-4449.
References
- Kirchheiner K, Nickchen K, Bauer N, et al. Pharmacogenetics
of antidepressants and antipsychotics : the contribution of
allelic variations to the phenotype of drug response. Mol Psychiatry
2004;9:442-73.
- Kirchheiner J, Brosen K, Dahl M, et al. CYP2D6 and CYP2C19
genotype-based dose recommendations for antidepressants: a first
step towards subpopulation-specific dosages. Acta Psychiatr
Scan 2001;104:173-92
- Available at: http://www.pgxlab.com.
Accessed September 14, 2005
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